• What is an egg?

An egg is a reproductive structure produced by female animals, including birds, reptiles, and certain insects. It serves as a protective shell that contains and nourishes the developing embryo until it is ready to hatch. Eggs range in size, shape, and color depending on the species and can be classified into different types, such as hard-shelled eggs and soft-shelled eggs.

• The composition of an egg

An egg consists of several distinct parts, each serving a specific purpose. The outermost layer is the shell, which provides protection against external damage and bacterial contamination. Beneath the shell, there are two membranes: the outer and inner membranes, which further shield the embryo. The rest of the egg is composed of the albumen, commonly known as the egg white, and the yolk. The albumen acts as a source of water and protein for the developing embryo, while the yolk contains essential nutrients, such as fats, proteins, and vitamins, necessary for its growth.

• Egg fertilization and development

Before an egg can develop into a new organism, it must be fertilized by sperm. In most animals, including birds, fertilization occurs internally before the egg is laid, while in others, such as insects, fertilization occurs externally after the egg has been laid. Once fertilized, the embryo undergoes a series of developmental stages, utilizing the nutrients present in the yolk and albumen until it is ready to hatch. The incubation period varies among different species, ranging from a few days to several weeks.

• Uses of eggs

Eggs have been an integral part of human diets for centuries and are consumed worldwide. They are highly versatile and used in various culinary preparations, providing a rich source of protein and essential nutrients. Apart from their role in nutrition, eggs also have other applications. For example, in the baking industry, eggs act as emulsifiers and thickeners, giving texture and structure to baked goods. In scientific research, eggs are often used as model systems to study embryonic development and genetic mechanisms.