Waste refers to any material or substance that is discarded or no longer useful. It includes solid waste, such as household garbage and industrial waste, as well as liquid and gaseous waste. Waste can be generated from various sources, including manufacturing processes, consumption, and various industries.

There are different types of waste, including hazardous waste, which poses a threat to human health or the environment. Hazardous waste can be toxic, flammable, corrosive, or reactive. Proper disposal and management of hazardous waste are crucial to prevent pollution and minimize risks.

Waste management involves activities and practices to reduce, collect, transport, treat, and dispose of waste. The aim is to minimize the negative impact of waste on the environment, human health, and society. Strategies such as recycling, composting, and waste-to-energy technologies are used to minimize waste generation and maximize resource recovery.

Efficient waste management is vital to conserve natural resources, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and protect ecosystems. It requires a comprehensive approach involving governments, industries, communities, and individuals. By promoting sustainable consumption and production patterns, waste management can contribute to a more sustainable and circular economy.